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RA-NLBF: design method of reconfigurable operation unit for stream cipher non-linear Boolean function
Zongren ZHANG, Zibin DAI, Yanjiang LIU, Xiaolei ZHANG
Journal of Computer Applications    2023, 43 (11): 3527-3533.   DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2022111690
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Both the S-box (multiple outputs) in block ciphers and the feedback function in stream ciphers require special Boolean functions to ensure the security of the cipher algorithm. To solve the problems of excessive resource consumption of reconfigurable hardware operation units and low clock frequency caused by Non-Linear Boolean Function (NLBF) in the existing algorithms of stream cipher, a high-efficiency AIC(And-Inverter Cone)-based design scheme for NLBF reconfigurable operation units was proposed, namely RA-NLBF. Based on the theories of cryptography, after analyzing the NLBF characteristics of various stream cipher algorithms and extracting the function features of NLBF including the times of AND terms, the number of AND terms, and the number of input ports, an NLBF simplification method based on the dual-logic hybrid form of “Mixed Polarity Reed-Muller (MPRM)” and “Traditional Boolean function (TB)” was proposed, which reduced the number of NLBF AND terms by 29% and formed an NLBF expression suitable for the AIC. Based on the simplified expression characteristics, such as the distribution of the number of AND terms and the times of AND terms, reconfigurable AIC units and interconnection networks were designed to form the reconfigurable units that can satisfy the NLBF operation in the existing public stream cipher algorithms. The proposed RA-NLBF was verified by logic synthesis based on CMOS 180 nm technology, and the results show that the area of RA-NLBF is 12 949.67 μm2, and the clock frequency reaches 505 MHz, which is a 59.7% reduction in area and a 37.3% increase in clock frequency compared with Reconfigurable Logic Unit for Sequence Cryptographic (RSCLU), an existing method with the same function.

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